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Abstract Class: An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated (object cannot be created) and is used as a base class for other classes.
It may contain abstract methods (methods without implementation) as well as concrete methods (methods with implementation).
Key Points:
(i) State Diagram – Online Banking System
Assumption: The diagram represents the user/account session.
(more…)![What is object modeling, dynamic modeling and functional modeling? Briefly explain the diagrams used in these modeling. [MCS-219 Q3]](https://www.ignoubcamca.com/forum/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/IMG_20251218_154905.jpg)
Question 1 of MCS-219: Object Oriented Analysis and Design.
Answer:In Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), a system is understood using three complementary models: Object Modeling, Dynamic Modeling, and Functional Modeling. Each focuses on a different aspect of the system.
(more…)![Draw class diagram for Online Banking System. Make necessary assumptions. [MCS-219 Q2]](https://www.ignoubcamca.com/forum/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Screenshot-2025-12-18-at-00-09-09-Facebook.png)
Below is a UML Class Diagram for an Online Banking System, with necessary assumptions clearly stated.
Assumptions:
![What is OOAD? Explain basic constructs of object orientation. [MCS-219 Q1]](https://www.ignoubcamca.com/forum/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Screenshot_2025-12-17-15-11-48-33_a23b203fd3aafc6dcb84e438dda678b6.jpg)
Question 1 of MCS-219: Object Oriented Analysis and Design.
Answer: OOAD (Object-Oriented Analysis and Design) is a software engineering approach that focuses on modeling a system as a collection of interacting objects. These objects represent real-world entities and combine data (attributes) with behavior (methods).
OOAD helps in understanding system requirements (analysis) and translating them into a robust, reusable, and maintainable software design (design).
![Write an algorithm and program in ‘C’ language to merge two sorted linked lists. The resultant linked list should be sorted [MCS-209 Q-2]](https://www.ignoubcamca.com/forum/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Screenshot_2025-12-17-15-58-55-41_a23b203fd3aafc6dcb84e438dda678b6.jpg)
Question: Write an algorithm and a program in ‘C’ language to insert and delete edges in an adjacency list representation of an undirected graph. Make assumptions, if necessary.
Answer:
